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Track 7 of The Diatonic Native American Flute Sings (2004) (recorded 1999).
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These instruments are best described by Dr. And here are a few samples of music on these replicas:Ī variant of the Anasazi style of rim-blown flutes are the Hopi flutes. Several flute makers craft modern replicas and variations of the flutes from the Broken Flute Cave, generally called "Anasazi Flutes" today.
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There are many historical examples of rim-blow flutes, including four flutes from the Broken Flute Cave in present-day Arizona that were constructed between 620–670 CE. The rim-blown style of flute, as challenging as it is to play, can produce beautiful and haunting music. Here is a recording made on this 7,600 year old flute, part of the part of the Chinese folk song “Xiao Bai Cai” (“The Chinese small cabbage”), played by Taoying Xu: It also requires and embouchure and is played using the rim-blown style. Oldest intact, playable flute, from central China. This one was found intact and is the oldest flute that we can play and determine the scale: Replica of the Hohle Fels Griffon Vulture flute.Ī store of thirty wing-bone flutes dating to 5750–5620 BCE was found in present-day central China (at virtually the same time that the L'Anse Amour bone flute was buried in a burial mound in Labrador). Here's a recording made by experimental archaeologist Wulf Hein on a replica of the flute at the right: These first flutes were all rim-blown flutes that required the player to make an embouchure on the rim of one end of the flute in order to make a sound. Of course, flutes made of bone are far more likely to survive than wood, cane, or reed flutes. These flutes were found in present-day Germany and France and have been dated to 33,000–43,000 years ago. The oldest flutes we have were made from wing bones of a Griffon Vulture (shown on the right) and a Whooper Swan, as well as one from mammoth tusk ivory. Flutes followed soon after (on an evolutionary timescale). However, although the voice was probably our first melodic instrument, we only developed the anatomy needed for speech and articulate singing about 60,000 years ago ( ). The voice makes and amazingly versitile instrument, as we know from how vocal traditions developed in isolated cultures. The rhythms that naturally spring up when walking or working with tools probably spurred the first rhythmic songs between 1.5 and 7 million years ago. Human musicality most likely evolved in an environment rich inĪnimal sounds. Follow links from this page to go deeper in any direction you wish, and if you'd like to explore the myths and legends surrounding this instrument visit Narratives of the Native American flute. This is a brief history of the Native American flute, touching on some of the key developments and turning points. However, there are some key signposts in museum artifacts, literature, and the archaeological record that shed light on the question “ How did this wonderful instrument come to be?” And maybe that's fitting for an instrument that evolved in cultures where myth and legend were valued over verifiable facts. The story of how the Native American flute developed is relatively sparse on facts, but rich in folklore.
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A Brief History of the Native American Flute